Original video: https://youtu.be/VKHCe1yADnE
Delivered on: 20 OCTOBER 2022
This video delves into the fascinating world of onion, exploring the key factors that trigger the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive development in these biennial plants. 🧅 We'll uncover the secrets of vernalization (cold treatment) and its impact on gene expression.
What you'll learn:
Onion Growth Cycle: We'll dissect the two-year life cycle of onions, highlighting the vegetative and reproductive phases and the role of dormancy.
Vernalization and Flowering: Understand the crucial role of vernalization in triggering flowering in onions. We'll explain how exposure to cold temperatures alters gene expression, leading to the suppression of flowering repressors and activation of floral promoting genes.
The Role of Gibberellins: Discover how gibberellins (GA), a class of plant hormones, interact with vernalization to promote flowering.
Experimental Design: Learn about the practical aspects of inducing flowering in onions, including controlling temperature, light conditions, and gibberellin application.
Biennial applies to any flowering plant that completes its life cycle in two growing seasons. During the first growing season, biennials produce roots, stems, and leaves. During the second growing season, they produce flowers, fruits, and seeds, and then they die. Biennial plants are typically native to temperate climates and frequently overwinter underground.
Example used in this lesson is for Onion/Shallot/Garlic but, many members of the parsley family (Apiaceae) have a biennial life cycle, including parsley, coriander, dill, and Queen Anne’s lace. One of the most economically important biennials is the carrot, which is harvested after a single growing season when the food storage organ (the edible root) has achieved its greatest size. If left to go to seed, the food stored in the taproot will be used by the plant to fuel the growth of its reproductive structures during the second growing season. Certain bellflowers and some forget-me-nots also live for only two growing seasons.
In the life cycle of a plant, the foral transition is important for survival as well as reproductive success. Environmental cues, such as photoperiod (day/night) and temperature, trigger the floral transition. Environmental signals are interpreted by multiple regulatory networks in plants.
Intensive genetic and molecular analyses have identified four major flowering pathways, namely the photoperiod, autonomous, gibberellin, and vernalization pathways, in plants. Even though the recent integration of several additional pathways, such as sugar-, hormone-, and ambient temperature-dependent pathways, have been reported.
Keywords: Onion, vernalization, floral induction, gibberellins, meristem identity, plant development, gene expression, cold treatment, plant hormones, agriculture.
Location:
Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia
Fakulti Pertanian, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43000 Seri Kembangan, Selangor
XPMM+9J Seri Kembangan, Selangor
2.9845517506267742, 101.73803356324866
Attribution 4.0 International — CC BY 4.0 - Creative Commons
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